November 2024: A digest of events, research papers and activities happening in and around the University of Edinburgh to mark World AMR Awareness Week 24 (#WAAW24). Educate. Advocate. Act now. World AMR Awareness Week logo Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) occurs when bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites no longer respond to antimicrobial agents. As a result of drug resistance, antibiotics and other antimicrobial agents become ineffective and infections become difficult or impossible to treat, increasing the risk of disease spread, severe illness and death.The World AMR Awareness Week (WAAW) is a global campaign to raise awareness and understanding of AMR and promote best practices among One Health stakeholders to reduce the emergence and spread of drug-resistant infections. WAAW is celebrated from 18-24 November every year.The theme for the World AMR Awareness Week (WAAW) 2024 is “Educate. Advocate. Act now.” This theme was chosen based on feedback from an online survey among stakeholders from the human, animal, plant, and environmental health sectors, which collected nearly 200 responses globally. Find out more about World AMR Awareness Week Fleming Fund Fellowship scheme Fleming Fund Fellows outside of the Charnock Bradley building at Easter Bush As the world marks Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Awareness Week, a group from the Fleming Fund Fellowship programmes in southern and east Africa have just completed two weeks of intensive training in Edinburgh. The programme, part of the UK Government’s efforts to combat AMR in low- and middle-income countries, is empowering fellows to address this urgent global health threat, with the University of Edinburgh serving as a host institution for training and mentorship.Seventeen fellows from Uganda and Zambia participated in a mix of policy workshops, hands-on lab sessions and training in quality control and infection medicine. Alongside expert lectures and workshops, fellows visited leading facilities including the National Avian Research Facility, Langhill Farm and held meetings with Scottish Environment Protection Agency (SEPA) and the Scottish Government. These visits gave insights into innovations in antibiotic testing, animal welfare and environmental surveillance — key for tackling AMR through a One Health approach. Training to combat drug resistance as awareness week begins More information and news from the Fleming Fund Winter Lecture 2024 Professor Alison Holmes delivering Edinburgh Infectious Diseases' Winter Lecture 2024 On Wednesday 20 November we welcomed Professor Alison Holmes to deliver Edinburgh Infectious Diseases' annual Winter Lecture.The Edinburgh Infectious Diseases Winter Lecture is a pretigious event in the calendar, with previous speaakers such as Professor Kenny Baillie, Professor Sarah Cleaveland and Sir Jeremy Farrar. Professor Holmes is Professor of Infectious Diseases and the Director of both the NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infections and AMR and the Centre for Antimicrobial Optimisation (CAMO), at Imperial College London.Her talk 'Protecting healthcare, preventing infection and preserving antibiotics' was a huge success with audience members spanning academia, healthcare professionals and even school pupils.Professor Holmes was an engaging speaker and her talked prompted a large number of questions in the Q&A afterwards. More information about Alison Holmes and the Winter Lecture AMR awareness activites and research Edinburgh Infectious Diseases has many people working on a variety of different activities addressing AMR Awareness. Here is just a snapshot of some of the work being done through the network. Antimicrobial pesticide use in Nepal Photos of Siddhant from Greenhood interviewing smallholders Dr Jess Mitchell from the Roslin Institute has been working with Greenhood Nepal on a project called ‘Exploring antimicrobial pesticide use and AMR risks within smallholding communities around Chitwan National Park Nepal’From July 2024 Jess and the Greenhood team have been working in the Chitwan National Park region to explore how small holding communities in this wildlife dense region use pesticides. They wish to find out the antimicrobial potential of such pesticides and if they need to be considered in AMR interventions. We are particularly interested in the rationale for pesticide use considering how close these people live to the National Park and their connectedness to local wildlife which has important cultural and economic value (tourism). Greenhood Nepal Dr Jess Mitchell's webpage The Roslin Institute IMPACT AMR: a transdisciplinary network Professor Dominic Moran from the Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies is co-lead of IMPACT AMR - a UK Research and Innovation funded network which will tackle antimicrobial resistance.It will include working with policymakers and stakeholders to prioritise effective interventions that reduce the AMR burden in a feasible, socially acceptable and economically beneficial manner.Other goals: Connecting and expanding the community of researchers, policy makers and publics with a shared goal to optimize efforts to minimize the AMR burdenConnecting and packaging evidence for policy across the spectrum of domains for intervening on AMRStarting with a UK focus, the network intends to provide generalizable approaches, towards a platform for international use Professor Dominic Moran's webpage Global Academy of Agriculture and Food Systems UKRI press release 'ID:IOTS' - Infectious Disease Insight Of Two Specialists podcast Dr Callum Mutch, an infectious disease doctor with NHS Lothian and member of Edinburgh Infectious Diseases is co-host of the podcast 'ID:IOTS' - Infectious Disease Insight Of Two Specialists. Join Callum and Jame, two infectious diseases doctors, as they discuss everything you need to know to diagnose and treat infections. Aimed at doctors and clinical staff working in the UK, the podcast has an informal tone, plenty of puns and there are plenty of episodes to choose from. Callum and Jame's most recent episode is in honour of World AMR Awareness Week and they are joined by members of the Scottish Antimicrobial Prescribing Group. World AMR Awareness Week episode ID:IOTS podcast on Bluesky Recent research papers on AMR Design of a new class of broad-spectrum therapeutics targeted to drug-resistant bacteria Researchers from Edinburgh Napier University have hypothesised that antimicrobial resistance (AMR) cannot be overcome by simply ‘drugging’ single biological targets, therefore, their focus is developing broad-spectrum therapeutics. Surendran, A., Turnbull, A., Flockhart, A., Findlay-Greene, F., Nowosielska, M., Morrison, D., … Donnellan, S. (2024). All Life, 17(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/26895293.2024.2379309 Read the full article here One Health approaches to tackling antimicrobial resistance Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a significant and growing threat to human health. A recent United Nations General Assembly declaration highlights that those in need must have sustained access to effective treatments. In the absence of a reliable supply of new drugs, pressure on existing drugs can be reduced by minimising demand. Routes to reducing demand include: promotion of WASH (access to clean water, sanitation and hygiene) and Universal Health Coverage (UHC); improved infection control in health care settings; and continued efforts to curtail drug use in agriculture. This is a One Health strategy, requiring coordinated action across the human, livestock and environmental sectors. M.E.J. Woolhouse, Science in One Health, Volume 3, 2024, 100082, ISSN 2949-7043, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soh.2024.100082. Read the full article here A review of the predictors of antimicrobial use and resistance in European food animal production Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major threat to global health and a key One Health challenge linking humans, animals, and the environment. Livestock are a key target for moderation of antimicrobial use (AMU), which is a major driver of AMR in these species. While some studies have assessed AMU and AMR in individual production systems, the evidence regarding predictors of AMU and AMR in livestock is fragmented, with significant research gaps in identifying the predictors of AMU and AMR common across farming systems. This review summarizes existing knowledge to identify key practices and critical control points determining on-farm AMU/AMR determinants for pigs, layer and broiler hens, beef and dairy cattle, sheep, turkeys, and farmed salmon in Europe. Redman-White Carys J. , Moran Dominic , Peters Andrew R. , Muwonge Adrian, Frontiers in Antibiotics, Volume 2, 2023, 10.3389/frabi.2023.1209552, ISSN=2813-2467 Read the full article here Finally, for all AMR related events and activities occuring throughout the year including monthly seminars, early career researcher events and much more, be sure to follow the activities of the Edinburgh AMR Forum (EAMRF) lead by Professor Till Bachmann, the AMR strategy lead for Edinburgh Infectious Diseases.The next EAMRF seminar is online at Tuesday 10 December at 3 pm, with Dr Aidan Brown from the School of Physics and Astronomy discussing 'Bacteria, bacteriophages, and AMR'.Email the AMR Forum for more details and to get involved with future activities: eamrf@exseed.ed.ac.uk Edinburgh AMR Forum details Professor Till Bachmann Publication date 14 Nov, 2024