Can we exploit host and pathogen signalling networks to promote vaccine efficacy? Cell signalling events dominate the developmental programmes of both the immune system and pathogens. Moreover, these signalling pathways are among the most highly conserved processes in eukaryotic evolution, generating the possibility for interaction and interference between hosts and pathogens- with the potential for immune dysfunction or modulation. An exciting prospect, therefore, is to identify and manipulate host or pathogen signals in order to optimise immunity or disrupt parasite life histories. This article was published on 2025-03-12